- Population 3,323,929
- Area (km2) 51,210
- GDP per capita (USD) 6,072.18
- TPES (Mtoe) 7.47
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Energy intensity
(toe/103 2010 USD) 0.42 - CO2 emissions - energy (MtCO2) 22.2
Bosnia and Herzegovina’s overall risk level against
the assessed areas is moderate.
While there are some improvements in BiH’s performance compared to EIRA 2020, further steps must be taken to build on the work done. Particular attention should be given to strengthening the country’s institutional governance.
risk level
Of the three risks assessed in EIRA, discrimination between domestic and foreign investors is lower compared to breach of State obligations and unpredictable policy and regulatory change.
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Unpredictable policy and regulatory changes
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Discrimination between foreign and domestic investors
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Breach of state obligations
indicator performance
BiH’s performance is moderate on three of the EIRA indicators and good on one indicator. It has scored 75 on the indicator regulatory environment and investment conditions and 58 on the indicator rule of law. Its score on management of decision-making processes has gone up from 46 to 50. On foresight of policy and regulatory change, it has a score of 47.
Sub-indicator performance
On a more detailed level, BiH’s overall sub-indicator performance is moderate. The highest-scoring sub-indicator is restrictions on FDI at 80. On management and settlement of investor-State disputes (75) and regulatory effectiveness (70), it has the same score as in EIRA 2020. Its score on transparency has increased from 67 to 74. On communication of vision and policies, it has scored 56. Following this are the sub-indicators respect for property rights at 42 and robustness of policy goals and commitments at 38. Institutional governance is the lowest-scoring sub-indicator at 25.
