- Population 18,037,776
- Area (km2) 2,724,902
- GDP per capita (USD) 9,030.32
- TPES (Mtoe) 81.64
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Energy intensity
(toe/103 2010 USD) 0.43 - CO2 emissions - energy (MtCO2) 230.00
Kazakhstan’s overall risk level against
the assessed areas is moderate.
While there are some policies and measures in place, more concrete steps must be taken to strengthen Kazakhstan’s performance across all indicators and underlying sub-indicators. Particular attention should be given to strengthening respect for property rights.
risk level
Among the three risk areas, unpredictable policy and regulatory change remains lower compared to discrimination between foreign and domestic investors and breach of State obligations.
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Unpredictable policy and regulatory changes
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Discrimination between foreign and domestic investors
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Breach of state obligations
indicator performance
Kazakhstan has performed moderately on three of the EIRA indicators, and it has a good performance on one. The country has a score of 72 on management of decision-making processes. The scores for rule of law and foresight of policy and regulatory change are the same as last year (54 and 53, respectively). On regulatory environment and investment conditions its performance has decreased by 10 points, and now stands at 44.
Sub-indicator performance
On a more detailed level, Kazakhstan’s overall sub-indicator performance is moderate. The highest-scoring sub-indicator is transparency with 81 points followed by management and settlement of investor-State disputes with 75 points. On institutional governance, it now has a score of 63, same as on communication of vision and policies. The country’s performance on restrictions on FDI has moved down and now stands at 50. It is followed by robustness of policy goals and commitments with 42 points and regulatory effectiveness with 37 points. Respect for property rights remains the lowest-scoring sub-indicator with 33 points.
