- Population 18,272,430
- Area (km2) 2,724,902
- GDP per capita (USD) 9,814.79
- TPES (Mtoe) 84.99
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Energy intensity
(toe/103 2010 USD) 0.43 - CO2 emissions - energy (MtCO2) 255.77
Kazakhstan’s overall risk level against
the assessed areas is low.
While Kazakhstan has the relevant policies and measures in place, there is potential for improvement. Attention should be given to strengthening the country’s regulatory effectiveness.
risk level
Among the three risks assessed in EIRA, unpredictable policy and regulatory change is lower compared to breach of State obligations and discrimination between foreign and domestic investors.
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Unpredictable policy and regulatory changes
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Discrimination between foreign and domestic investors
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Breach of state obligations
indicator performance
Kazakhstan has a moderate performance on two indicators, and it has a good performance on the other two. The country has improved its score in management of decision-making processes, which now stands at 78. Its score on rule of law is once again 63. Its score on foresight of policy and regulatory change is the same as last year (53). On the indicator regulatory environment and investment conditions it has maintained a score of 44.
Sub-indicator performance
On a more detailed level, Kazakhstan’s overall sub-indicator performance is good. The highest-scoring sub-indicator is transparency at 81, followed by management and settlement of investor-State disputes and institutional governance, both at 75. On communication of vision and policies, it has again scored 63. Its score on restrictions on FDI and respect for property rights stands at 50, respectively. Next is the sub-indicator robustness of policy goals and commitments at 42. Regulatory effectiveness is the lowest-scoring sub-indicator at 37.
